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Compare Senegal (2005) - Papua New Guinea (2003)

Compare Senegal (2005) z Papua New Guinea (2003)

 Senegal (2005)Papua New Guinea (2003)
 SenegalPapua New Guinea
Administrative divisions 11 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor 20 provinces; Bougainville, Central, Chimbu, Eastern Highlands, East New Britain, East Sepik, Enga, Gulf, Madang, Manus, Milne Bay, Morobe, National Capital, New Ireland, Northern, Sandaun, Southern Highlands, Western, Western Highlands, West New Britain
Age structure 0-14 years: 42.8% (male 2,404,461/female 2,360,167)


15-64 years: 54.1% (male 2,901,689/female 3,122,854)


65 years and over: 3% (male 161,173/female 176,488) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 38.4% (male 1,034,219; female 1,000,505)


15-64 years: 57.8% (male 1,582,983; female 1,479,436)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 93,604; female 105,069) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish coffee, cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, tea, rubber, sweet potatoes, fruit, vegetables; poultry, pork
Airports 20 (2004 est.) 491 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)
total: 21


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 11


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 470


1,524 to 2,437 m: 11


914 to 1,523 m: 56


under 914 m: 403 (2002)
Area total: 196,190 sq km


land: 192,000 sq km


water: 4,190 sq km
total: 462,840 sq km


land: 452,860 sq km


water: 9,980 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Dakota slightly larger than California
Background Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping. The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south) in 1885. The latter area was transferred to Australia in 1902, which occupied the northern portion during World War I and continued to administer the combined areas until independence in 1975. A nine-year secessionist revolt on the island of Bougainville ended in 1997, after claiming some 20,000 lives.
Birth rate 35.21 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 31.07 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $1.572 billion


expenditures: $1.627 billion, including capital expenditures of $357 million (2004 est.)
revenues: $894 million


expenditures: $1.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $344 million (2000 est.)
Capital Dakar Port Moresby
Climate tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 531 km 5,152 km
Constitution new constitution adopted 7 January 2001 16 September 1975
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Senegal


conventional short form: Senegal


local long form: Republique du Senegal


local short form: Senegal
conventional long form: Independent State of Papua New Guinea


conventional short form: Papua New Guinea


former: Territory of Papua and New Guinea


abbreviation: PNG
Currency - kina (PGK)
Death rate 10.6 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $3.476 billion (2004 est.) $2.8 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Richard Alan ROTH


embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar


mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar


telephone: [221] 823-4296


FAX: [221] 822-2991
chief of mission: Ambassador Robert W. Fitts


embassy: Douglas Street, Port Moresby


mailing address: 4240 Port Moresby PI, US Department of State, Washington DC 20521-4240


telephone: [675] 321-1455


FAX: [675] 321-3423
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Amadou Lamine BA


chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540


FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315


consulate(s) general: New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Evan Jeremy PAKI


chancery: 1779 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 745-3680


FAX: [1] (202) 745-3679
Disputes - international The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem Senegalese citizens from the Casamance region fleeing separatist violence, cross border raids, and arms smuggling Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea
Economic aid - recipient $362.6 million (2002 est.) $400 million (1999 est.)
Economy - overview In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5% annually during 1995-2003. Annual inflation had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff and a more stable monetary policy. Senegal still relies heavily upon outside donor assistance, however. Under the IMF's Highly Indebted Poor Countries debt relief program, Senegal will benefit from eradication of two-thirds of its bilateral, multilateral, and private sector debt. Papua New Guinea is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by rugged terrain and the high cost of developing infrastructure. Agriculture provides a subsistence livelihood for 85% of the population. Mineral deposits, including oil, copper, and gold, account for 72% of export earnings. The economy has faltered over the past three years but will probably improve slightly in 2003. Former Prime Minister Mekere MORAUTA had tried to restore integrity to state institutions, stabilize the kina, restore stability to the national budget, privatize public enterprises where appropriate, and ensure ongoing peace on Bougainville. The government has had considerable success in attracting international support, specifically gaining the backing of the IMF and the World Bank in securing development assistance loans. Significant challenges face Prime Minister Michael SOMARE, including gaining further investor confidence, continuing efforts to privatize government assets, and maintaining the support of members of Parliament.
Electricity - consumption 1.615 billion kWh (2002) 1.391 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 1.737 billion kWh (2002) 1.496 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 54.1%


hydro: 45.9%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Wilhelm 4,509 m
Environment - current issues wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing rain forest subject to deforestation as a result of growing commercial demand for tropical timber; pollution from mining projects; severe drought
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4% Melanesian, Papuan, Negrito, Micronesian, Polynesian
Exchange rates Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000) kina per US dollar - 3.8 (2002), 3.39 (2001), 2.78 (2000), 2.57 (1999), 2.07 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000)


head of government: Prime Minister Macky SALL (since 21 April 2004)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term under new constitution; election last held under prior constitution (seven-year terms) 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held February 2007); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Albert KIPALAN (since 13 November 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Sir Michael SOMARE (since 2 August 2002); Deputy Prime Minister Andrew BAING (since 15 November 2003)


cabinet: National Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the National Executive Council; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually is appointed prime minister by the governor general
Exports NA NA (2001)
Exports - commodities fish, groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton oil, gold, copper ore, logs, palm oil, coffee, cocoa, crayfish, prawns
Exports - partners India 14.4%, Mali 13.1%, France 9.8%, Italy 7.3%, Spain 6.6%, Guinea-Bissau 5.6%, Gambia, The 4.8% (2004) Australia 23.7%, Japan 9.3%, China 5.3% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia divided diagonally from upper hoist-side corner; the upper triangle is red with a soaring yellow bird of paradise centered; the lower triangle is black with five, white, five-pointed stars of the Southern Cross constellation centered
GDP - purchasing power parity - $10.86 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 15.9%


industry: 21.4%


services: 62.7% (2004 est.)
agriculture: 32.1%


industry: 35.8%


services: 32.1% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2004 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,100 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.2% (2004 est.) -3.1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 14 00 N, 14 00 W 6 00 S, 147 00 E
Geography - note westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave within Senegal shares island of New Guinea with Indonesia; one of world's largest swamps along southwest coast
Heliports - 2 (2002)
Highways total: 14,576 km


paved: 4,271 km including 7 km of expressways


unpaved: 10,305 km (2000)
total: 19,600 km


paved: 686 km


unpaved: 18,914 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.6%


highest 10%: 33.5% (1995)
lowest 10%: 1.7%


highest 10%: 40.5% (1996)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis -
Imports NA NA (2001)
Imports - commodities food and beverages, capital goods, fuels machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners France 24.8%, Nigeria 11.9%, Thailand 6.1% (2004) Australia 49.3%, Singapore 18.8%, New Zealand 4.4%, Japan 4.2% (2002)
Independence 4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960 16 September 1975 (from the Australian-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate 4.7% (2004 est.) NA
Industries agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials, ship construction and repair copra crushing, palm oil processing, plywood production, wood chip production; mining of gold, silver, and copper; crude oil production; construction, tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 55.51 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 59.17 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 51.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 54.84 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 59.14 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 50.33 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.8% (2004 est.) 9.8% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO ACP, APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (associate member), C, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 3 (2000)
Irrigated land 710 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note - the judicial system was reformed in 1992 Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed by the governor general on the proposal of the National Executive Council after consultation with the minister responsible for justice; other judges are appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission)
Labor force 4.65 million (2004 est.) 2.3 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 70% agriculture 85%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries total: 2,640 km


border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
total: 820 km


border countries: Indonesia 820 km
Land use arable land: 12.78%


permanent crops: 0.21%


other: 87.01% (2001)
arable land: 0.13%


permanent crops: 1.35%


other: 98.52% (1998 est.)
Languages French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka English spoken by 1%-2%, pidgin English widespread, Motu spoken in Papua region


note: 715 indigenous languages
Legal system based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on English common law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)


note: the former National Assembly, dissolved in the spring of 2001, had 140 seats


elections: last held 29 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other 10
unicameral National Parliament - sometimes referred to as the House of Assembly (109 seats, 89 elected from open electorates and 20 from provincial electorates; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 15-29 June 2002 and April and May 2003; completed in May 2003 (voting in the Southern Highlands was not completed during the June 2002 election period); next to be held not later than June 2007


election results: percent of vote by party - PPP 15%, Pangu Pati 14%, NA 14%, PDM 8%, PNC 6%, PAP 5%, UP 3%, NP 1%, PUP 1%, independents 33%; seats by party - PPP 16, Pangu Pati 15, NA 15, PDM 9, PNC 7, PAP 5, UP 3, NP 1, PUP 1, independents 37; note - association with political parties is very fluid (2002)
Life expectancy at birth total population: 58.9 years


male: 57.37 years


female: 60.47 years (2005 est.)
total population: 64.19 years


male: 62.07 years


female: 66.42 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 40.2%


male: 50%


female: 30.7% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 66%


male: 72.3%


female: 59.3% (2003 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania Oceania, group of islands including the eastern half of the island of New Guinea between the Coral Sea and the South Pacific Ocean, east of Indonesia
Map references Africa Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 45,203 GRT/63,238 DWT


ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 12, chemical tanker 1, combination ore/oil 2, container 1, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 3


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Singapore 2, UK 7
(2002 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy (Marine Senegalaise), Air Force (2005) Papua New Guinea Defense Force (includes Ground Force, Maritime Operations Element, and Air Operations Element)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $107.3 million (2004) $40.21 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.5% (2004) 1.4% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,370,419 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 757,421 (2003 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 4 April (1960) Independence Day, 16 September (1975)
Nationality noun: Senegalese (singular and plural)


adjective: Senegalese
noun: Papua New Guinean(s)


adjective: Papua New Guinean
Natural hazards lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts active volcanism; situated along the Pacific "Ring of Fire"; the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes; mud slides; tsunamis
Natural resources fish, phosphates, iron ore gold, copper, silver, natural gas, timber, oil, fisheries
Net migration rate 0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines gas 564 km (2004) oil 264 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders African Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI Coalition (a coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]; other small parties Melanesian Alliance Party or MAP [Bernard NAROKOBI]; National Alliance or NA [Michael SOMARE, party leader; George MANOA, party president]; National Front Party [leader NA]; National Party or NP [leader NA]; Papua New Guinea Revival Party [John PUNDARI]; Papua New Guinea United Party or Pangu Pati [Pate WAMP, party leader; Chris HAIVETA, parliamentary leader]; People's Action Party or PAP [Ted DIRO]; People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Sir Mekere MORAUTA]; People's Labor Party or PLP [Peter YAMA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Bill SKATE]; People's Progress Party or PPP [Michael NALI]; People's Unity Party or PUP [leader NA]; United Party or UP [Rimbiuk PATO]


note: 43 political parties registered to participate in the June 2002 elections
Political pressure groups and leaders labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers NA
Population 11,126,832 (July 2005 est.) 5,295,816 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line 54% (2001 est.) 37% (2002 est.)
Population growth rate 2.48% (2005 est.) 2.34% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Dakar Kieta, Lae, Madang, Port Moresby, Rabaul
Radio broadcast stations AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001) AM 8, FM 19, shortwave 28 (1998)
Railways total: 906 km


narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter gauge (2004)
0 km
Religions Muslim 94%, indigenous beliefs 1%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic) Roman Catholic 22%, Lutheran 16%, Presbyterian/Methodist/London Missionary Society 8%, Anglican 5%, Evangelical Alliance 4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1%, other Protestant 10%, indigenous beliefs 34%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: good system


domestic: above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system


international: country code - 221; 4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: services are adequate and being improved; facilities provide radiotelephone and telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio, and international radio communication services


domestic: mostly radiotelephone


international: submarine cables to Australia and Guam; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); international radio communication service
Telephones - main lines in use 228,800 (2003) 61,152 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular 575,900 (2003) 3,053 (1996)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 3 (all in the Port Moresby area)


note: additional stations at Mt. Hagen, Goroka, Lae, and Rabaul are planned (2002)
Terrain generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills
Total fertility rate 4.75 children born/woman (2005 est.) 4.13 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 48% (urban youth 40%) (2001 est.) NA%
Waterways 1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2003) 10,940 km
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